It was middle of the nineteenth century. The management of the port of Calcutta in British India was then in the hands of the Marine Department of Provincial Government. At the mouth of Sundarbans, storms and for other reasons sailing ships, steamer, country boat etc often sea wrecked. Fortunate seamens and passengers those who could able to escape from wreck, but often grabbed by tigers of densely populated forest and crocodiles of the narrow salty creek of Sundarban.
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Erstwhile Locations of Refuge Houses |
In the year of 1850, a sailing ship called Ariadan sank in the face of the Sundarbans. Then, thinking of the plight of the sailors, Captain T. E. Rogers proposed to the provincial government for erection of some shelter to assist the sea wrecked sailors. As proposed, three shelters were erected on the face of the sea in the Sundarbans. One is on the channel creek (Baratala River), one on the Sabtermukhi river and another on the Jameera or Thakuron river. These shelters are named as Refuge House.
Around the year 1865, the ship started to operate on the Matla River. As a result, the Marine Department proposed to build two more refuge houses, and in December of that year, the provincial government approved the proposal for refuge houses on Belchery and Bangaduni Islands. Another refuge house was erected at Preston Point of Channel Creek, as proposed by the provincial government. The location of these six refuge houses and their names were like below:
Number A is at Preston Point of Creek Channel painted White.
Number 1 is at Pitt's Point on Channel Creek painted Red
Number 2 is at the faces of the Sabtermukhi River painted White.
Number 3 is at the faces of the Jameera or Thakuron River painted Black.
Number 4 is at the Belchery Island painter White.
Number 5 is at the Bangaduni Island painted White.
Calcutta Port Commissioners was constituted on 1870 and by this time port approaches also come into the jurisdiction of Commissioners. Refuge houses as a part of port approaches came into the hands of the Port Commissioner.
Only water and a small amount of food were kept in these refuge houses during the period before 1870. Later, the following items were supplied in each of the refuge house :
The printed instructions to the wrecked sailors was like this
: "Never leave the Refuge House until no help is available. The heart of
young palm tree would be found eatable grows in sufficient numbers. If searched, scurvy grass in and
around house can be found and eatable if cooked. Oyster can be found on the bed of the river
and very nutritious after cooking. You must close the lid of the water
tank when leaving the Refuge House. Always be together because there are enough
tigers. You will signal danger by lighting a fire with the surrounding dry
wood. After each storm, a steamer is sent to visit the Refuge Houses, in case
if you do not have a boat, it is better to stay in the Refuge House as long as
no help is available. If there is an accident in normal weather, send the news
to Mad Point, Saugor Island or Port Canning. ” And so on.
From the very beginning, from their existence, these houses were invariably looted. Though the then Lieutenant Governor of Bengal in his letter no 397 dated January 24, 1867, directed the then Inspector General of Police that the Sub Inspector of 24 Parganas inspect the refuge houses constantly during the cold season and at least once a month during monsoon. However, in 1871 the Government determined to take no measures of protection owing to be it too costly and not worth adopting.
Upto 1869, in eighteen years of their existences, sailors of accidental ships Alma on 1859, P.C. Kinch on 1865 and Jane Jack Mitchell on 1866 used refuge houses. After the Refuge Houses came into the hands of the Port Commissioner, the sailors of the ship, named Mahisur, took shelter in number 3 house in 1882. They later reported that they found nothing in refuge house except eight to ten cans of food, some biscuits and water. Again in 1893, No. 1 house sheltered the crew of French barque Franklin and they did used nine soups of the refuge house, even though they were able to salvage good number of food from the barque. There were even other consignments at the Refuge House, though it was only a month and half after it was replenished . The commissioners had enough questions in their minds about the logic of running these houses. Not only the foods materials were stolen, food were left lying around the Refuge House and found the water tank filled with mud and sand. The Refuge House named A was seen from the inland steamers going into the Duagra river daily and was the first house to be looted. This Refuge House has never been used. In 1887, the Port Commissioner closed this refuge house.
It would have been very pang of disappointment for the poor ship-wreaked seamen and passengers after reaching any of the nearby Refuge House in wet and sore, find there was nothing except the sea on one side, dense jungle with tigers lurking around the house and creeks abounding with crocodiles. By the year 1898, E. W. Petley, the then Deputy Conservator of the Port Commissioner, inspected the Refuge House number 1 and found that a rain pipe fitted to the Refuge House, which was attached to the water tank, was damaged by the robbers. Refuge houses were also damaged. He raised the question that whether these refuge houses need to be run. He said that although the Refuge House 4 and 5 were built for the ships operate in Matla river, they were still being run after the shutdown operation in Matla river. It has not been heard that anyone has used them in the 42 years since it was created. The number 3 house was used at least twice , the number 4 house being located 4 miles east of it. Even if the number 4 house is maintained, there is no justification for maintaining house number 5.
E. W. Petley suggested that there is no need to keep any items other than water tanks in the refuge houses. Reason he said that the goods of the Refuge House would be invariably stolen as usual, and that the sailors would know at least in advance that nothing other than water could be found in those Refuge Houses. Secondly, the Port Commissioner now has enough steamers or can be rented as needed, which can be delivered relief to the nearest Refuge House within a day and a half. The Port Commissioner shut down the Refuge House 1 in 1907 and Refuge House 2, 3 & 4 in 1912 because no one was using them since long.
Estuary of Hooghly R.
Bengali Version:
āϏāĻŽā§āĻা āĻāύāĻŦিংāĻļ āĻļāϤাāĻŦ্āĻĻীāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝāĻাāĻ। āĻŦ্āϰিāĻিāĻļ āĻাāϰāϤে āĻāϞāĻাāϤা āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻাāϞāύ āĻাāϰ āϤāĻāύ āϤā§āĻাāϞীāύ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰেāϰ āĻŽেāϰিāύ āĻŦিāĻাāĻেāϰ āĻšাāϤে । āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύেāϰ āϏুāĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰāĻŽুāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļ āĻĒāĻĨে āĻā§ āĻāĻ্āĻাā§ āĻ āĻ
āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻāĻāύাā§ āĻাāĻšাāĻ āϏ্āĻিāĻŽাāϰ āĻĻেāĻļি āύৌāĻো āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāϰ āĻāĻŦāϞে āĻĒā§ে । āύাāĻŦিāĻāϰা āĻাāĻšাāĻāĻĄুāĻŦি āĻĨেāĻে āϝāĻĻিāĻāĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰাāύে āĻŦাঁāĻāĻেāύ, āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύেāϰ āϞোāĻāĻŦāϏāϤিāĻšীāύ āĻāύ āĻāĻ্āĻāϞে āĻŦাāĻ, āĻŦāύ্āϝ āĻāύ্āϤু āĻাāύোā§াāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϞে āĻুāĻŽিāϰেāϰ āĻāĻĒ্āĻĒāϰে āĻĒā§āĻেāύ ।
ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ļ āϏাāϞে ‘āĻāϰিā§াāĻĻāύ’ āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻāĻি āϏেāϞিং āĻাāĻšাāĻ āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻŽুāĻে āĻĄুāĻŦে āϝাā§। āϤāĻāύ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻāĻŦৃāύ্āĻĻেāϰ āĻĻুāϰাāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻিāύ্āϤা āĻāϰে, āĻি. āĻ. āϰāĻাāϰāϏ āύাāĻŽে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻ্āϝাāĻĒ্āĻেāύ, āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰ āĻে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āĻĻেāύ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āύাāĻŦিāĻāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻšাā§āϤাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāϤāĻāĻুāϞি āĻāĻļ্āϰ⧠āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰা āĻšোāĻ । āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦāĻŽāϤ ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§§ āϏাāϞে āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰ āĻŽুāĻে āϤিāύāĻি āĻāĻĒāĻĻāĻাāϞীāύ āĻāĻļ্āϰ⧠āĻā§ে āϤোāϞা āĻšāϞ । āĻāĻāĻি āĻ্āϝাāύেāϞ āĻ্āϰিāĻে (āĻŦাāϰāϤāϞা āϰিāĻাāϰ), āĻāĻāĻি āϏাāĻŦāϤেāϰāĻŽুāĻি āύāĻĻীāϤে āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻাāĻŽেāϰা āĻŦা āĻĨাāĻুāϰāύ āύāĻĻীāϤে । āĻāĻ āĻāĻļ্āϰā§āĻুāϞোāϰ āĻĒোāĻļাāĻি āύাāĻŽ āĻĻেāĻā§া āĻšāϞ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ ।
ā§§ā§Žā§Ģā§Ŧ āϏাāϞ āĻŦা āĻāϰ āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āϏāĻŽā§ে āĻŽাāϤāϞা āύāĻĻীāϤে āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāϞাāĻāϞ āĻļুāϰু āĻšāϞ । āϤাāϰ āĻĢāϞāĻļ্āϰুāϤিāϤে āĻāϰ āĻĻুāĻো āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻā§ে āϤোāϞাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āĻŽেāϰিāύ āĻĄিāĻĒাāϰāĻŽেāύ্āĻ āĻĻিāϞেāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ āϏাāϞেāϰ āĻĄিāϏেāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻŽাāϏে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰ āĻŦেāϞāĻেāϰি āĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻাāĻĻুāύি āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒে āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āĻŽāĻ্āĻুāϰ āĻāϰāϞেāύ। āĻāĻŦাāϰ ā§§ā§Žā§Ģ⧝ āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āĻŽāϤ āĻ্āϝাāύেāϞ āĻ্āϰিāĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāϏ্āĻāύ āĻĒā§েāύ্āĻে āĻāϰেāĻāĻি āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻā§ে āϤোāϞা āĻšāϞ । āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻি āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻুāϞি āĻিāϞ āĻāϰāĻāĻŽঃ
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ “A” āϏাāĻĻা āϰāĻেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻ্āϰিāĻ āĻ্āϝাāύেāϞেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰেāϏ্āĻāύ āĻĒā§েāύ্āĻে
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ “ā§§” āϞাāϞ āϰāĻেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻ্āϝাāύেāϞ āĻ্āϰিāĻেāϰ āĻĒিāĻ’āϏ āĻĒā§েāύ্āĻে
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ “⧍” āϏাāĻĻা āϰāĻেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āϏাāĻŦāϤেāϰāĻŽুāĻি āύāĻĻী āĻŽুāĻে
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ ā§Š” āĻাāϞো āϰāĻেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāĻŽেāϰা āĻŦাঁ āĻĨাāĻুāϰāύ āύāĻĻী āĻŽুāĻে
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ “ā§Ē” āϏাāĻĻা āϰāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻŦেāϞāĻেāϰি āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒে
āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ “ā§Ģ” āϏাāĻĻা āϰāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻাāĻĻুāύি āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒে
ā§§ā§Žā§ā§Ļ āϏাāϞে āĻāĻāύ āĻĒ্āϰāύā§āύ āĻāϰে āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻাāϞāύাāϰ āĻাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰেāϰ āĻŽেāϰিāύ āĻŦিāĻাāĻেāϰ āĻĨেāĻে āϤুāϞে āĻĻেā§া āĻšā§ āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে । āĻāϰ āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻĒ্āϰāĻ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻŦেāĻļেāϰ āύāĻĻী āĻĒāĻĨেāϰ āĻĻাā§িāϤ্āĻŦ ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§§-ā§Žā§¨ āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰাāĻĻেāĻļিāĻ āϏāϰāĻাāϰেāϰ āĻĨেāĻে āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āύ্āϝাāϏ্āϤ āĻšā§। āĻāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞি, āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻĒ্āϰāĻেāϰ āĻ
āĻ্āĻ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āĻāϏে ।
ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§§-ā§Žā§¨ āϏাāϞেāϰ āϤāĻĨ্āϝ āĻ
āύুāϝাā§ী , ā§§ā§Žā§Ģ⧝ āϏাāϞে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻ ‘āĻāϞ āĻŽা’, ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§Ģ āϏাāϞে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻ ‘āĻĒি āϏি āĻিāĻ্āĻ’ āĻ ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§Ŧ āϏাāϞে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻ ‘āĻāύ āĻাঁāĻ āĻŽিāĻļেāϞ’ āĻāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻāϰা āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞি āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰেāĻিāϞেāύ ।
āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āĻāϏাāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āĻŦāϧি āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞিāϤে āĻļুāϧুāĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻāϞ āĻāϰ āĻ
āϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒাāĻāϰুāĻি āϰাāĻা āĻšāϤ। āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻুāϞিāϤে āϰাāĻা āĻšāϤ āĻাāϰāĻি āĻিāύ āĻāϰ্āϤি ā§Ģā§§ āĻিāϞো āĻŦিāϏ্āĻুāĻ, āϤিāύāĻি āĻĒāĻļāĻŽী āĻাāĻŽা, āϤিāύāĻি āĻĒ্āϝাāύ্āĻ, āϤিāύāĻি āĻĻেāĻļি āĻāĻŽ্āĻŦāϞ, āϤিāύ āĻোā§া āĻ্āϝাāύāĻাāϏ āĻুāϤা, āĻāĻāĻি āϰোāĻĻ āĻুāĻĒি, āĻāĻāĻি āĻিāύেāϰ āĻৌāĻো,āĻāĻāĻি āĻিāύেāϰ āϞāύ্āĻ āύ,āĻāĻ āĻĒাāĻāύ্āĻĄ āĻŽোāĻŽāĻŦাāϤি , āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒাāĻāύ্āĻĄ āĻĒেāϰেāĻ, āĻāĻāĻি āĻেāύি, āĻāĻāĻি āĻšাāϤুā§ি, āĻāĻāĻি āϤুāϰāĻĒুāύ, āĻāĻāĻŽāĻি āĻĒাāĻĨāϰ āϏ্āĻিāϞ āĻļোāϞা āĻļুāώ্āĻ āĻāĻĄ়āĻুāĻা , āĻিāύেāϰ āĻৌāĻো āϤে āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϏ āĻĻেāĻļāϞাāĻ ,ā§§ā§Ģ āĻĢুāĻেāϰ āĻাāύāĻাāϏ āĻšāϏ āĻĒাāĻāĻĒ, āĻāĻ āĻĒাāĻāύ্āĻĄ āĻāĻāύেāϰ ⧧⧍āĻি āĻিāύে āϏুāĻĒ , āĻāĻāĻি āĻুāĻ াāϰ , ā§Šā§ āĻŽিāĻাāϰ āϞāĻŽ্āĻŦা āĻĻেā§ āĻāĻ্āĻিāϰ āύাāϰāĻোāϞ āĻĻā§ি, āĻāĻāĻি āĻোāĻ āύৌāĻো , āĻĻুāĻি āĻĻাঁā§, āĻĻুāĻি āĻŦাঁāĻļ , āĻংāϰাāĻি āĻĢāϰাāϏি āĻ āĻĻেāĻļীā§ āĻাāώাā§ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āϏāĻš āĻāĻāĻি āĻিāύেāϰ āĻৌāĻোāϤে āĻŽ্āϝাāĻĒ , āĻ্āϝাāĻ্āĻে ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻ্āϝাāϞāύ āĻāϞ। āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āύাāĻŦিāĻāĻĻেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāĻি āĻĨাāĻāϤো āĻāϰāĻāĻŽ “ āϝāϤāĻ্āώāĻŖ āύা āĻোāύ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϏāĻে āϤāϤāĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻোāύ āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϤেāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻেā§ে āϝাāĻŦেāύ āύা, āĻোāĻ āϤাāϞ āĻাāĻেāϰ āύāϰāĻŽ āĻাāĻŖ্āĻĄ āĻাāĻā§া āϝাā§ āϝেāĻা āĻাāϰিāĻĒাāĻļে āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āϏংāĻ্āϝাā§ āĻĒাāĻŦেāύ āĻāĻŦং āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻেā§ে āĻāϞে āϝাāĻŦাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻ
āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāĻ āĻāϞেāϰ āĻ্āϝাāĻ্āĻেāϰ āĻĸাāĻāύাāĻা āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻāϰে āĻĻিā§ে āϝাāĻŦেāύ । āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻāĻāϤ্āϰে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦেāύ āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻাāϰāύ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āϏংāĻ্āϝাā§ āĻŦাāĻ āĻāĻে। āĻāĻļেāĻĒাāĻļেāϰ āĻļুāĻāύো āĻাāĻ āĻĻিā§ে āĻāĻুāύ āĻ্āĻŦাāϞিā§ে āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻ āϏংāĻেāϤ āĻĻেāĻŦেāύ। āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ āĻā§ āĻāĻ্āĻাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āϏ্āĻিāĻŽাāϰ āĻĒাāĻ াāύো āĻšā§ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞিāϤে āĻুāϰে āĻāϏাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ, āϏেāĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে āϝāĻĻি āĻāĻĒāύাāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāĻে āύৌāĻো āύা āĻĨাāĻে, āϝāϤāĻ্āώāĻŖ āύা āĻোāύ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϏāĻে āϤāϤāĻ্āώāĻŖ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏে āĻĨাāĻাāĻ āĻাāϞো । āϝāĻĻি āϏ্āĻŦাāĻাāĻŦিāĻ āĻāĻŦāĻšাāĻā§াāϤে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύা āĻāĻে āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻŽাāĻĄ āĻĒā§েāύ্āĻ, āϏাāĻāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦীāĻĒ āĻ
āĻĨāĻŦা āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻ্āϝাāύিং āĻ āĻāĻŦāϰ āĻĒাāĻ াāύ।“ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি ।
ā§§ā§Žā§Ŧā§ āϏাāϞে āĻŦাংāϞাāϰ āϞেāĻĢāĻেāύ্āϝাāύ্āĻ āĻāĻāϰ্āύāϰ ⧍ā§ĒāϏে āĻাāύুā§াāϰী āϤাঁāϰ ā§Šā§¯ā§ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻিāĻ িāϤে āϤā§āĻাāϞীāύ āĻāύāϏ্āĻĒেāĻ্āĻāϰ āĻেāύেāϰাāϞ āĻ
āĻĢ āĻĒুāϞিāĻļ āĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻĻেāύ āϝে ⧍ā§Ē āĻĒাāϰāĻāύাāϰ āϏাāĻŦ āĻāύāϏ্āĻĒেāĻ্āĻāϰ āĻļীāϤāĻাāϞে āĻ
āύāĻŦāϰāϤ āĻ āĻŦāϰ্āώাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ āĻŽাāϏে āĻāύ্āϏāĻĒেāĻāĻļāύ āĻāϰāĻŦেāύ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞিāϤে। āϝাāĻāĻšোāĻ ā§§ā§Žā§ā§§ āϏাāϞে āϏāϰāĻাāϰ āĻāĻ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āϤুāϞে āύিāϞেāύ āĻŦ্āϝā§āĻŦāĻšুāϞāϤাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻ āϝৌāϤিāĻāϤাāĻšীāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ ।
āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞি āĻাāϞু āĻšāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĨেāĻেāĻ āĻāĻāĻা āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝা āϞেāĻেāĻ āĻিāϞ। āĻ
āĻŦāĻļ্āϝāĻŽ্āĻাāĻŦী āĻাāĻŦে āĻিāύিāϏāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āϞুāĻ āĻšāĻā§া । āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞি āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āĻāϏাāϰ āĻĒāϰ ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§¨ āϏাāϞে ‘āĻŽāĻšিāϏুāϰ’ āύাāĻŽে āĻাāĻšাāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻāϰা āϤিāύ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻšাāĻāϏে āĻāĻļ্āϰ⧠āύেā§, āϤাāϰা āĻĒāϰে āϞিāĻিāϤ āĻাāĻŦে āĻাāύাā§ āϝে āĻāĻ āĻĻāĻļāĻি āĻিāύāĻাāϤ āĻাāĻŦাāϰ, āĻিāĻু āĻŦিāϏ্āĻুāĻ āĻ āĻāϞ āĻাā§া āĻāϰ āĻিāĻুāĻ āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏে āĻিāϞ āύা। āĻāĻŦাāϰ ā§§ā§Žā§¯ā§Š āϏাāϞে āϝāĻāύ āĻĢāϰাāϏি āĻŦাāϰāĻিāĻ āĻাāĻšাāĻ ‘āĻĢ্āϰাāĻ্āĻāϞিāύ’ āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāϰ āĻāĻŦāϞে āĻĒā§āϞো, āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϤাāϰা āĻĄাāĻ্āĻাā§ āĻাāϞ āϰāĻāĻŽেāϰ āĻাāĻŦাāϰ āύিā§ে āϝেāϤে āĻĒেāϰেāĻিāϞ, āϤāĻŦু āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āύā§āĻি āϏুāĻĒ āϤাঁāϰা āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰেāĻিāϞ। āĻāĻŽāύāĻি āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻŽাāϞ āĻĒāϤ্āϰāĻুāϞিāĻ āϏāĻŦ āĻিāϞ āϝāĻĻিāĻ āĻāĻāύাāĻি āĻāĻে āĻিāϞ āϏāĻŦ āĻিāύিāϏ āϰেāĻে āĻāϏাāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ āĻāĻ āĻĻেāϰ āĻŽাāϏেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে ।āĻāĻ āĻĻুāĻি āĻāĻāύা āĻাā§া, āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞিāϤে āĻŽাāϞāĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻুāϰি āύিā§ে āĻ
āĻিāϝোāĻ āϞেāĻেāĻ āĻĨাāĻāϤো। āĻাāϞু āϰাāĻāϞেāĻ āĻāĻ āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞিāϰ āϝৌāϤিāĻāϤা āύিā§ে āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰāϏ āĻāϰ āĻŽāύেāĻ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻিāϞ। āĻļুāϧু āĻŽাāϞ āĻĒāϤ্āϰ āĻুāϰি āĻšā§ে āϝাāĻā§া āύ⧠, āĻিāύ āĻাāϤ āĻাāĻŦাāϰ āĻোāϞা āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাā§ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻāϰ āĻাāϰিāĻĒাāĻļে āĻĒā§ে āĻĨাāĻা āĻāĻŽāύāĻি āĻāĻŽāύāĻ āĻšāϤ āĻাāĻŦাāϰ āĻāϞেāϰ āĻ্āϝাāĻ্āĻে āĻŽাāĻি āĻŦাঁ āĻŦাāϞি āĻĒাāĻā§া āϝেāϤ । āĻāϞāĻি āϏ্āĻŦাāĻাāĻŦিāĻ āĻাāĻŦেāĻ āĻĻূāώিāϤ āĻšā§ে āĻĒাāύ āϝোāĻ্āϝ āĻĨাāĻāϤো āύা । āĻĻুā§াāĻ্āϰা āύāĻĻী āĻĻিā§ে āϝাāĻŦাāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ āύāĻĻী āĻĨেāĻেāĻ “A” āύাāĻŽেāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻিāĻে āĻĻেāĻা āϝেāϤ āĻāϰ āĻāĻাāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āϞুāĻ āĻšāϤ। āĻāϰ āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻি āĻāĻāύো āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšā§েāĻে āĻŦāϞেāĻ āĻাāύা āϝাā§ āύি। ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ē āϏাāϞে āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻিāĻে āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻāϰে āĻĻেāύ।
āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻĻুāĻঃāĻāύāĻ āĻšāϤ āϝে āĻĻুāϰ্āĻāĻāύাāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻাāĻšাāĻেāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻ āĻ āϝাāϤ্āϰীāϰা āĻ্āϞাāύ্āϤ āĻ
āĻŦāϏāύ্āύ āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাā§ āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āϝেāĻোāύো āĻāĻāĻি āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻĒৌঁāĻে āĻĻেāĻāϤেāύ āϏেāĻাāύে āĻিāĻুāĻ āύেāĻ āĻļুāϧু āĻāĻāĻĻিāĻে āϏāĻŽুāĻĻ্āϰ, āĻ
āύ্āϝāĻĻিāĻে āĻŦাāĻ āĻ āĻ
āύ্āϝাāύ্āϝ āĻŦāύ্āϝ āĻāύ্āϤুāϤে āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻāĻীāϰ āĻāĻšীāύ āĻāĻ্āĻāϞ āĻāϰ āĻুāĻŽীāϰে āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āύোāύা āĻāϞেāϰ āĻাāϞ āĻাā§া । ā§§ā§Žā§¯ā§Ž āϏাāϞ āύাāĻাāĻĻ āĻ. āĻĄāĻŦ্āϞিāĻ. āĻĒেāĻāϞে, āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰেāϰ āϤā§āĻাāϞীāύ āĻĄেāĻĒুāĻি āĻāύāĻাāϰāĻেāĻāϰ, ā§§ āύুāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻāύ্āϏāĻĒেāĻāĻļāύ āĻāϰে āĻĻেāĻেāύ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻŽাāĻĨাā§ āϞাāĻাāύো āϰেāύ āĻĒাāĻāĻĒ āϝেāĻি āĻāϞেāϰ āĻ্āϝাāĻ্āĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻĨাāĻে āϏেāĻিāĻ āĻ্āώāϤিāĻ্āϰāϏ্āϤ āĻāϰা āĻšā§েāĻে । āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻ āĻ্āώāϤি āĻāϰা āĻšā§েāĻে। āϤিāύি āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻ āϤোāϞেāύ āϝে āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞোāĻে āĻāĻĻৌ āĻāϰ āĻাāϞাāύোāϰ āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ āĻāĻে āĻিāύা । āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞেāύ āϝāĻĻিāĻ āĻŽাāϤāϞা āύāĻĻীāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ ā§Ē āĻ ā§Ģ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻĻুāĻিāĻে āĻে āĻŦাāύাāύো āĻšā§েāĻিāϞ āϤāĻŦুāĻ āĻŽাāϤāϞা āύāĻĻীāϤে āĻাāĻšাāĻ āĻāϞাāĻāϞ āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻšā§ে āϝাāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻ āϏেāĻুāϞোāĻে āĻাāϞাāύো āĻšāĻ্āĻে। āϤৈāϰি āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āĻĒāϰে ā§Ē⧍ āĻŦāĻāϰে āĻāĻুāϞোāĻে āĻেāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰেāĻে āĻŦāϞেāĻ āĻļোāύা āϝাā§ āύি। ā§§ā§Žā§¯ā§Ž āϏাāϞ āĻ
āĻŦāϧি āϤিāύ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻšাāĻāϏāĻি āĻ
āύ্āϤāϤ āĻĻু āĻŦাāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšā§েāĻিāϞ, āϏেāĻিāϰ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻŽাāĻāϞ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦ āĻĻিāĻে āĻাāϰ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻšাāĻāϏāĻি āĻ
āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ । āĻাāϰ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻিāĻে āϝāĻĻি āϰাāĻাāĻ āĻšā§, āĻĒাঁāĻ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻিāĻে āϰাāĻাāϰ āĻোāύ āϝৌāϤিāĻāϤা āύেāĻ।
āĻ. āĻĄāĻŦ্āϞিāĻ. āĻĒেāĻāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāϏ্āϤাāĻŦ āĻĻিāϞেāύ āĻāϞেāϰ āĻ্āϝাংāĻ āĻাā§া āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āϰāĻāĻŽ āĻিāύিāϏ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞিāϤে āϰাāĻাāϰ āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ āύেāĻ। āĻāϰ āĻাāϰāύ āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽāϤ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏেāϰ āĻিāύিāϏāĻĒāϤ্āϰāĻুāϞি āĻুāϰিāĻ āĻšāĻŦেāĻ āĻāϰ āύাāĻŦিāĻāϰাāĻ āĻ
āύ্āϤāϤ āĻāĻে āĻĨেāĻেāĻ āĻাāύāĻŦে āĻāĻ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻুāϞিāϤে āĻāϞ āĻাā§া āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻিāύিāϏ āĻĒাāĻā§া āϝাāĻŦে āύা। āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীā§āϤ āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāϏāύাāϰেāϰ āĻšাāϤে āĻāĻāύ āϝāĻĨেāώ্āĻ āĻĒāϰিāĻŽাāύ āώ্āĻীāĻŽাāϰ āĻāĻে āĻŦা āĻĻāϰāĻাāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻাā§া āĻāϰা āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āϝেāĻুāϞি āύিā§ে āĻāĻ āĻĻেā§ āĻĻিāύেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϤ্āϰাāĻŖ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻĒৌঁāĻে āĻĻেā§া āϝেāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻĻুāϰāϤāĻŽ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏে । āϝāϤāĻĻূāϰ āĻাāύা āϝাā§, āĻĒোāϰ্āĻ āĻāĻŽিāĻļāύাāϰ ⧧⧝ā§Ļā§ āϏাāϞে ā§§ āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏāĻি āĻ ā§§ā§¯ā§§ā§¨ āϏাāϞে ⧍,ā§Š āĻ ā§Ē āύāĻŽ্āĻŦāϰ āϰিāĻĢিāĻāĻি āĻšাāĻāϏ āĻুāϞি āĻŦāύ্āϧ āĻāϰে āĻĻেāύ āĻাāϰāύ āĻŦāĻšুāĻĻিāύ āĻāĻুāϞো āĻāϰ āĻেāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰāĻিāϞ āύা ।
Information Source :
- Administrative report of Commissioners for the Improvement for the Port of Calcutta 1882-83 P- 35
- The nautical magazine and naval chronicle for 1856 - a subject connected with maritime affairs Page 334 & 335.
- Documents of 1898 at KoPT Maritime Archives .
Article published in :
Pattan Bharati Magazine 2021-22 of Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, Kolkata in Hindi Language.
Mohana Magazine in 2021 of Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, Kolkata in Bengali Language
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